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Marino Faliero
Marino Faliero (1285 – 17 April 1355) was the fifty-fifth Doge of Venice, appointed on 11 September 1354. He was sometimes referred to simply as Marin Falier (Venetian rather than standard Italian) or Falieri.〔L. V. (1911) "(Faliero )", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 11th edition.〕
==Biography==
Faliero was a naval and military commander and then a diplomat before being elected doge in succession to Andrea Dandolo.〔 The populace of Venice was at that time disenchanted with the ruling aristocrats who were blamed for a recent naval defeat by the fleet of Genoa at Portolungo.〔Grignola, p. 48〕 Faliero learned of his election while he was on a diplomatic mission to the papal court at Avignon.〔
Within months of being elected, Faliero attempted a ''coup d'etat'' in April 1355, aiming to take effective power from the ruling aristocrats. According to tradition, this came about because the dogaressa, Faliero's second wife, Aluica Gradenigo, had been insulted by Michele Steno, a member of an aristocratic family,〔Grignola, p. 49〕 but in a study of doges of Venice Antonella Grignola suggests that Faliero's move was consistent with a prevailing trend in Italian cities to move away from oligarchic government to absolute, dynastic rule.〔
The plot was badly organised, with poor communication between the conspirators, and was quickly discovered. Faliero pleaded guilty to all charges and was beheaded and his body mutilated. Ten additional ringleaders were hanged on display from the Doge's Palace in St Mark's Square.〔Norwich, pp. 223–229〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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